PUBLIC RELEASE SOURCE REVIEW · INDEPENDENT ANALYTIC CASE FILE

CASE FILE 50 / 237UAP00346

237UAP00346

Radar/correlation-focused public UAP report; score 54

NORMAL-OBJECT FAVORED

Report No.	UAP-OM-50-237UAP00346	Disposition	NORMAL-OBJECT FAVORED
Primary Case	237UAP00346	Generated	2026-05-20 18:32 UTC
Report Time	2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00	Observer	40.91294, -78.87430
Source Case IDs	237UAP00346

Abstract

This case file evaluates a reported UAP sighting against the available orbital-object layer. No compact same-launch group fully identifies the file by itself. The final disposition is assigned under a normal-object favored standard, where ordinary aerospace/orbital explanations are preferred when they reasonably fit the report.

This is a standalone independent analysis prepared from public-source records and public orbital datasets. It is not an official government determination, classification marking, or agency-authored report.

1. Executive Summary

237UAP00346 is assessed as normal-object favored because the available public evidence gives a case-specific ordinary-object candidate: strong ADS-B aircraft candidate N240JQ E75L a230d6 at 12.5 km, azimuth 354.3 deg, elevation 36.21 deg, 7.99 min from report. Dense satellite presence alone is not treated as causation in this packet.

1.1 Key Findings

Source score 54 based on: radar/primary-return language, negative official correlation, UAP/UFO language.
Report time used: 2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00.
External object layer used: public LEO catalog objects.
Disposition standard: NORMAL-OBJECT requires case-specific causal fit. Satellite density above the horizon is context only and cannot by itself resolve the report.
Case-specific ordinary-object evidence: strong ADS-B aircraft candidate N240JQ E75L a230d6 at 12.5 km, azimuth 354.3 deg, elevation 36.21 deg, 7.99 min from report.
Non-causal context / rejection screens: very dense orbital-object sky background; context only, not causation.
Objects above horizon: 1110; at/above 10 deg: 591.
No compact same-launch/designator group survived the report threshold.
No explicit Starlink/balloon wording was found in the source excerpt used for ranking.

1.2 Bottom Line

NORMAL-OBJECT FAVORED: A case-specific ordinary-object candidate exists from source language, orbital geometry, launch-object context, or compact trajectory grouping. Dense ordinary sky traffic alone is not treated as causation.

2. Source Control

The source-control table identifies the public report records reviewed for this case and lists public access links where available. The table is included so this PDF remains interpretable when distributed by itself.

Case ID	Report Date Field	Facility / Title	Text Extract	Public PDF Link
237UAP00346	03:20 01/27/2024 Callsign: RPA4809 Origin: JFK	ZOB Operator: RPA Operator Type: Commercial	text extract present	237UAP00346.pdf

3. Original Report Evidence

Primary excerpt used for matching	Aircraft reported an unidentified aerial phenomenon off the right side while W bound at FL200, 40 NM W of PSB. The unknown phenomenon was 2 lights, white then turning red, chasing each other moving in the vicinity of EWC above the aircraft, fast moving. The UAP was not observed on ATC facility radar system.
Report time used	2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00
Observer coordinate used	40.91294, -78.87430
Observer source basis	aviation_offset:40 NM W of PSB (public text extract 237UAP00346)

4. Methodology

Spacetime extraction. The report time and observer coordinate were extracted from the public text report and normalized to UTC. Aviation fixes/radials were resolved during earlier preprocessing where applicable.
External object dataset. The object layer used historical Space-Track/TLE-derived public LEO catalog objects element rows. The analytic mode for this case is historical public LEO catalog objects element propagation and same-launch/designator sky grouping.
Propagation. Orbital elements were propagated to the report minute and observer location. For launch-object checks, samples around the report minute were retained. For Starlink group checks, objects above the horizon were clustered by sky position and filtered for same-launch groupings.
Comparison. The output was compared against the report's count of lights, direction cue, motion language, altitude/radar language, and whether the file itself already suggested a satellite explanation.
Causation standard. Mere object presence above the horizon is treated as background context only. A normal-object disposition requires a case-specific causal fit, such as a named launch object, a compact same-launch trajectory group, or source language that directly supports that object class.
Disposition assignment. Identified means a specific normal object fits the report spacetime and the hard reported features do not materially conflict. Normal-object favored means a case-specific ordinary aerospace/orbital candidate exists, but it is not a full named identification. Insufficient means the file is too thin to carry high anomaly value. High-value unresolved is used when radar, video, rapid maneuver, or multi-witness features remain after reasonable normal-object checks.

5. External Object Evidence

5.1 Search Volume and Density

This table is a screening layer only. Objects above the horizon show background opportunity; they do not establish causation unless a specific object or compact trajectory group matches the reported behavior.

public LEO catalog objects catalog IDs considered	19023	Historical element rows	19023
Above horizon at report minute	1110	At/above 10 deg	591
Largest same-sky cluster	591

No compact same-launch/designator group survived the report threshold. In this condition, satellite density remains context only and cannot by itself resolve a report with hard features.

5.2 Same-Launch / Same-Designator Candidate Groups

#	Launch Date	Count	Azimuth Span	Elevation Span	Motion Labels	Members
No same-launch group identified.

5.3 Primary Group Members

Object	NORAD	Launch	Az	El	Range km	Apparent Motion	Element Age h
No members available.

5.4 Bright-Sky Context: Top public LEO catalog objects Objects by Elevation

Object	Az	El	Range km	Apparent Motion	Launch Date
NORAD 6849	126.17	80.67	1490.24	westward, setting	73069E
NORAD 26077	41.77	77.65	1052.92	westward, setting	00006G
NORAD 12976	211.64	77.04	1533.77	eastward, setting	81116B
NORAD 42263	214.12	74.3	1019.65	westward, setting	95015GD
NORAD 45580	209.81	74.09	569.92	westward, setting	20025BB
NORAD 31206	265.3	73.58	805.18	westward, setting	99025BKL
NORAD 44733	14.42	73.27	572.73	eastward, setting	19074W
NORAD 44509	98.08	71.02	1462.53	eastward, setting	92052G
NORAD 58518	41.07	69.5	521.55	eastward, setting	23191L
NORAD 57580	292.99	68.32	551.45	eastward, setting	23117A
NORAD 18160	54.92	68.25	1039.28	westward, setting	87057A
NORAD 48609	253.12	68.18	597.36	eastward, setting	21041BJ

5.5 Largest Sky Clusters

#	Count	Azimuth Span	Elevation Span	Motion Labels
1	591	0.76-359.72 deg	10.02-80.67 deg	eastward, level, eastward, rising, eastward, setting, nearly fixed azimuth, setting, westward, level, westward, rising, westward, setting

5.6 Space-Track SATCAT Enrichment

Space-Track SATCAT metadata was pulled as a cached subset for NORAD catalog IDs appearing in this packet's evidence tables. This section adds owner/type/status context to the propagated object candidates.

Packet SATCAT subset rows	5370	Fetched	2026-05-19T01:19:50+00:00
This case NORAD IDs checked	30	SATCAT rows matched	30
Top owners	US: 15, CIS: 6, PRC: 6, FR: 1, IT: 1, JPN: 1
Object types	PAYLOAD: 15, DEBRIS: 12, ROCKET BODY: 2, UNKNOWN: 1

5.7 Space-Track Metadata for Top Propagated Objects

NORAD	Object Name	Type	Owner	Launch Date	Decay Date
6849	COSMOS 592	PAYLOAD	CIS	1973-10-02	n/a
26077	SL-16 DEB	DEBRIS	CIS	2000-02-03	n/a
12976	COSMOS 1321	PAYLOAD	CIS	1981-11-28	n/a
42263	DMSP 5D-2 F13 DEB	DEBRIS	US	1995-03-24	n/a
45580	STARLINK-1333	PAYLOAD	US	2020-04-22	n/a
31206	FENGYUN 1C DEB	DEBRIS	PRC	1999-05-10	n/a
44733	STARLINK-1028	PAYLOAD	US	2019-11-11	2025-02-14
44509	ARIANE 42P DEB	DEBRIS	FR	1992-08-10	n/a
58518	STARLINK-31021	PAYLOAD	US	2023-12-07	n/a
57580	OBJECT A	UNKNOWN	PRC	2023-08-10	2025-05-27
18160	COSMOS 1864	PAYLOAD	CIS	1987-07-06	n/a
48609	FALCON 9 DEB	DEBRIS	US	2021-05-15	n/a

5.9 NASA / NOAA / ADS-B Expansion Layer

This source layer adds free NASA context that was previously missing from most packet cases. It is contextual evidence; it does not replace aircraft, satellite, balloon, or radar causation tests.

Hour UTC	2024012703
Cloud amount	90.69%
Precipitation	0.27 mm/hr
10 m wind	1.71 m/s
Temperature	2.72 C
Relative humidity	100.0%
DONKI +/-1 day	CME: unavailable; FLR: unavailable; GST: unavailable; HSS: unavailable; IPS: unavailable; MPC: unavailable; RBE: unavailable; SEP: unavailable; WSAEnlilSimulations: unavailable

5.10 Horizons Sky Geometry Context

Object	Az	El	App Mag
Sun	299.58	-54.72	-26.78
Moon	103.74	41.87	-12.24
Venus	5.88	-71.49	-3.96
Mars	328.15	-69.82	1.31
Jupiter	261.40	29.25	-2.38
Saturn	280.99	-28.71	0.99

Sun elevation was -54.7 deg, so this was a dark-sky/nighttime sighting.
Moon was above horizon at azimuth 103.7 deg / elevation 41.9 deg.
Planets above horizon: Jupiter (29.2 deg).
NASA POWER cloud amount for the hour was 90.69%, with precipitation 0.27 mm/hr.

5.11 Free Source Availability and Remaining Work

Layer	Status	Case-Specific Note
ADSB.lol historical release listing	screened/present	planes-readsb-staging-0 1458.0 MiB; planes-readsb-prod-0 1453.0 MiB
ADSB tracks downloaded	not yet exhausted	Requires targeted extraction from large daily history archives before claiming aircraft exhaustion.
NOAA GOES imagery	not yet exhausted	Needed for cloud/lightning visual context.
NOAA GOES ABI/GLM manifest	screened/present	Public S3 object availability for the report hour.
NOAA NEXRAD weather radar	not yet exhausted	Weather radar only; not ATC radar.
NOAA IGRA radiosonde	screened/present	Needed for balloon drift plausibility.
ASOS/METAR weather observations	screened/present	Nearest station surface observations around report time.

ADSB.lol historical: extract aircraft traces from adsblol/globe_history_2024 for 2024-01-27, then filter +/-60 min and 250 nmi around 40.9129,-78.8743.
NASA POWER/Horizons/DONKI: batch context for 237UAP00346 at 2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00.
NOAA GOES: pull nearest ABI/GLM products for the UTC hour and render cloud/lightning map.
NOAA NEXRAD: select nearest radar stations and render Level-II/III weather radar sweep around event time.
NOAA IGRA: find nearest radiosonde station launches bracketing the event and model wind drift for balloon-like descriptions.
Space-Track gp_history/decay: fetch exact historical element rows and decay/reentry status for top candidate NORAD IDs.

5.12 Weather, Imagery, and Balloon Query Plan

This plan identifies the concrete free sources needed for the next case-specific weather and balloon checks. These are not treated as completed exclusions until the data are downloaded and plotted.

GOES satellite	GOES16
GOES ABI prefix	https://noaa-goes16.s3.amazonaws.com/ABI-L2-CMIPF/2024/027/03/
GOES GLM lightning prefix	https://noaa-goes16.s3.amazonaws.com/GLM-L2-LCFA/2024/027/03/

5.13 Nearest Weather-Airport Candidates

Station	Name	Distance km	Coordinate
KDUJ	DuBois Regional Airport	29.60	41.18, -78.90
KJST	John Murtha Johnstown Cambria County Airport	66.50	40.32, -78.83
KAOO	Altoona Blair County Airport	83.00	40.30, -78.32
KLBE	Arnold Palmer Regional Airport	83.80	40.28, -79.40
KUNV	State College Regional Airport	86.50	40.85, -77.85

5.14 Nearest Radiosonde Stations

Station	Name	Distance km	Coordinate
USM00072520	PITTSBURGH; PA.	120.80	40.53, -80.22
USM00072528	BUFFALO/GREATER BUFFALO INT.;	225.90	42.94, -78.72
USM00072403	STERLING; VA.	245.70	38.98, -77.49
USM00072632	WHITE LAKE; MI.	429.60	42.70, -83.47
USM00072318	BLACKSBURG; VA.	433.30	37.20, -80.41

5.15 ASOS/METAR Surface Weather Observations

surface visibility ranged 4-10 statute miles; precipitation was reported in at least one observation; low/broken/overcast cloud layers were present in at least one observation. Surface ASOS/METAR observations describe airport-level weather and visibility; they do not by themselves prove conditions at the sighting altitude or line of sight.

Station	Distance km	Nearest obs UTC	Vis SM	Sky	Wind deg/kt	METAR
KDUJ	29.60	2024-01-27T02:53:00+00:00	7.00	OVC00400, M, M, M	310.00 / 4.00	KDUJ 270253Z AUTO 31004KT 7SM OVC004 06/03 A3011 RMK AO2 SLP199 T00560033 51001
KJST	66.50	2024-01-27T02:54:00+00:00	10.00	OVC00700, M, M, M	270.00 / 9.00	KJST 270254Z AUTO 27009KT 10SM -RA OVC007 08/07 A3011 RMK AO2 RAB48 SLP198 P0000 60000 T00780067 51008
KAOO	83.00	2024-01-27T02:53:00+00:00	10.00	SCT02200, BKN02800, OVC04300, M	300.00 / 10.00	KAOO 270253Z AUTO 30010KT 10SM SCT022 BKN028 OVC043 11/06 A3012 RMK AO2 SLP200 T01060061 51010

5.16 NOAA IGRA Radiosonde Wind Profile

Nearest sounding implies mean 0-12 km wind drift toward 6.4 deg at 3.12 m/s; a passive balloon could drift about 22.5 km in two hours under this crude layer-average model. Radiosonde winds are sparse station soundings; balloon drift remains approximate without launch time, ascent rate, object altitude, and exact line-of-sight bearing.

Station	Name	Distance km	Sounding UTC	Mean drift bearing	Mean speed m/s	2h drift km	Max wind
USM00072520	PITTSBURGH; PA.	120.80	2024-01-27T00:00:00+00:00	6.40	3.12	22.50	34.30 at 26697.00 m

5.17 NOAA GOES ABI/GLM Public File Manifest

GOES public S3 objects are listed for the report hour where available. This is an availability manifest, not yet a rendered satellite image.

Satellite	GOES16	Bucket	noaa-goes16
ABI sample files	12	GLM sample files	12

ABI sample objects:

GLM lightning sample objects:

5.18 ADSB.lol Historical Aircraft Track Extraction

This layer uses the downloaded ADSB.lol daily history archive to test actual aircraft tracks near the report coordinate and minute. It is not treated as a primary-radar substitute; it is a transponder/receiver-derived aircraft screen.

Archive window	2024-01-27T02:05:00+00:00 to 2024-01-27T04:35:00+00:00	Radius	300.00 nmi
Trace files scanned	31420	Tracks retained	1200
Support status	aircraft strong candidate present	Best-candidate note	ordinary-object favored if the report's count, color, direction, and motion can be reconciled with the candidate track(s).
Strong candidates	16	Plausible candidates	89
Reporting-aircraft tracks excluded	2	Weak candidates	120

5.19 Top ADS-B Candidate Tracks

Aircraft	Status	Score	Min dist km	Nearest dt min	Alt ft	Az	El
N240JQ E75L a230d6	strong aircraft candidate	82.89	12.10	0.01	30000	354.30	36.21
N591NN CRJ9 a7a257	strong aircraft candidate	80.99	30.90	0.08	35000	105.00	18.51
N116DU BCS1 a042db	strong aircraft candidate	76.97	23.30	0.10	30975	337.70	21.46
N989SF GLEX adce29	strong aircraft candidate	73.72	35.20	0.14	43000	166.20	19.00
N910AN B738 ac96b8	strong aircraft candidate	71.89	42.00	0.15	31000	348.30	11.79
N27213 B738 a2b081	strong aircraft candidate	71.69	42.20	0.11	29000	348.20	10.96
N179DN B763 a13af4	strong aircraft candidate	71.12	59.10	0.08	36000	160.30	8.43
N318NB A319 a365b7	strong aircraft candidate	69.80	11.20	0.04	35000	231.90	15.49

6. Annotated Evidence Figure

Annotated orbital object figure — Generated figure copied from the local evidence-plot output. It is included as an analytic visualization, not as original sensor imagery.

7. Analytic Comparison

Criterion	Report Evidence	Analytic Treatment
Time constraint	2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00	Directly used in propagation; this is a hard filter, not descriptive context.
Location constraint	40.91294, -78.87430	Directly used as observer point for azimuth/elevation/range computation.
Count / pattern	two-object/light language present	No compact same-launch count match; retained for unresolved report features.
Motion language	turning, moving	Apparent motion labels in the object table provide a plausible but not definitive comparison.
Radar / official check	not observed on ATC radar	No ATC radar return can be consistent with distant orbital objects or visual aircraft-light hypotheses, but it does not prove the match.
Analytic disposition	normal-object	237UAP00346 is assessed as normal-object favored because the available public evidence gives a case-specific ordinary-object candidate: strong ADS-B aircraft candidate N240JQ E75L a230d6 at 12.5 km, azimuth 354.3 deg, elevation 36.21 deg, 7.99 min from report. Dense satellite presence alone is not treated as causation in this packet.

8. Caveats, Limitations, and Collection Gaps

No raw cockpit video, ATC replay, radar plot, or witness interview transcript was reviewed unless explicitly stated in the public source text.
Aviation-derived coordinates can represent a nearby fix/radial or report point, not necessarily the actual line-of-sight intercept point.
Starlink visibility depends on illumination, observer altitude, atmospheric conditions, and apparent brightness; this analysis tests geometry, not photometry. No brightness model is used unless explicitly stated elsewhere in the case file.
TLE propagation is appropriate for screening and reconstruction but is not a substitute for authoritative operational ephemerides.
When many satellites are above the horizon, generic presence is weak evidence and is not treated as causation. The report emphasizes named launch-object checks or compact same-launch trajectory groups.
Normal-object favored is not the same as a perfect named-object identification; it requires a case-specific ordinary-object candidate stronger than simple object density.

Appendix A. Public Report Text Extracts

237UAP00346

SKYWATCH INCIDENT REPORT



PRIMARY CODE: UNIDENTIFIED AERIAL PHENOMENON
Date: 03:20 01/27/2024                     Callsign: RPA4809                           Origin: JFK
Status: Closed                             Aircraft: E75S                              Destination: PIT
POD: DEN                                   Tail Number:                                New Destination:
Reporting Facility: ZOB                    Operator: RPA                               Operator Type: Commercial
                                           Paged: YES                                  MOR Init: YES
                                                                                       MOR ID: ZOB-M-2024/01/26-0003




REMARKS

Aircraft reported an unidentified aerial phenomenon off the right side while W bound at FL200, 40 NM W of PSB. The unknown
phenomenon was 2 lights, white then turning red, chasing each other moving in the vicinity of EWC above the aircraft, fast
moving. The UAP was not observed on ATC facility radar system.




SKYWATCH INCIDENT REPORT | DATE: 2024-01-27T03:20 | POD: DEN | PAGE 1 of 1

Appendix B. Computational Evidence Digest

This appendix preserves the principal computed values used in the assessment, shortened to the fields most relevant to audit and review.

{
  "report_time_utc": "2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00",
  "source_excerpt": "Aircraft reported an unidentified aerial phenomenon off the right side while W bound at FL200, 40 NM W of PSB. The unknown phenomenon was 2 lights, white then turning red, chasing each other moving in the vicinity of EWC above the aircraft, fast moving. The UAP was not observed on ATC facility radar system.",
  "historical_starlink_element_rows": 19023,
  "observer": {
    "lat": 40.912944777255575,
    "lon": -78.87429693744389,
    "source": "aviation_offset:40 NM W of PSB (public text extract 237UAP00346)"
  },
  "case_id": "237UAP00346",
  "starlink_above_horizon_at_report_time": 1110,
  "starlink_catalog_ids_considered": 19023,
  "largest_same-sky_cluster_count": 591,
  "starlink_at_or_above_10_deg": 591,
  "top_starlinks": [
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 126.17,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 33.5,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 23.65,
      "element_age_hours": 9.28,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T12:36:33.175872+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 80.67,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 61.37,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 31.61,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 1336.53,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 17.89,
      "ground_track_label": "NNE",
      "launch_date": "73069E",
      "launch_designator": "73069E",
      "name": "NORAD 6849",
      "norad_id": "6849",
      "range_km": 1490.24,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 39.8554,
      "subpoint_lon": -77.0225
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 41.77,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 26.43,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 24.75,
      "element_age_hours": 9.09,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T12:25:34.199616+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 77.65,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 42.28,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 16.92,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 843.76,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 23.44,
      "ground_track_label": "NNE",
      "launch_date": "00006G",
      "launch_designator": "00006G",
      "name": "NORAD 26077",
      "norad_id": "26077",
      "range_km": 1052.92,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 42.204,
      "subpoint_lon": -77.3099
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 211.64,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 9.96,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 16.84,
      "element_age_hours": 10.38,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T13:42:44.631360+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 77.04,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 71.01,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 36.57,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 1489.23,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 17.52,
      "ground_track_label": "NNE",
      "launch_date": "81116B",
      "launch_designator": "81116B",
      "name": "NORAD 12976",
      "norad_id": "12976",
      "range_km": 1533.77,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 38.7663,
      "subpoint_lon": -80.5553
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 214.12,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 200.07,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 198.06,
      "element_age_hours": 5.85,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-26T21:29:06.514656+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 74.3,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 37.65,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 12.59,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 832.47,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 194.74,
      "ground_track_label": "SSW",
      "launch_date": "95015GD",
      "launch_designator": "95015GD",
      "name": "NORAD 42263",
      "norad_id": "42263",
      "range_km": 1019.65,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 39.1215,
      "subpoint_lon": -80.4241
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 209.81,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 141.0,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 135.7,
      "element_age_hours": 0.56,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T02:46:19.401312+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 74.09,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 28.02,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 5.03,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 553.45,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 131.05,
      "ground_track_label": "SE",
      "launch_date": "20025BB",
      "launch_designator": "20025BB",
      "name": "NORAD 45580",
      "norad_id": "45580",
      "range_km": 569.92,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 39.7862,
      "subpoint_lon": -79.709
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 265.3,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 208.58,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 201.92,
      "element_age_hours": 11.06,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T14:23:22.574112+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 73.58,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 34.58,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 8.99,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 721.09,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 194.95,
      "ground_track_label": "SSW",
      "launch_date": "99025BKL",
      "launch_designator": "99025BKL",
      "name": "NORAD 31206",
      "norad_id": "31206",
      "range_km": 805.18,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 40.7382,
      "subpoint_lon": -81.27
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 14.42,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 46.65,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 50.49,
      "element_age_hours": 7.71,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T11:02:35.594016+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 73.27,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 25.39,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 4.23,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 553.41,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 52.6,
      "ground_track_label": "NE",
      "launch_date": "19074W",
      "launch_designator": "19074W",
      "name": "NORAD 44733",
      "norad_id": "44733",
      "range_km": 572.73,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 42.2357,
      "subpoint_lon": -78.4161
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 98.08,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 130.55,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 140.19,
      "element_age_hours": 0.7,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T02:37:47.489088+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 71.02,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 47.74,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 23.46,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 1285.07,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 151.39,
      "ground_track_label": "SSE",
      "launch_date": "92052G",
      "launch_designator": "92052G",
      "name": "NORAD 44509",
      "norad_id": "44509",
      "range_km": 1462.53,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 40.3287,
      "subpoint_lon": -74.3237
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 41.07,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 91.47,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 97.35,
      "element_age_hours": 0.44,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T02:53:23.227008+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 69.5,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 23.41,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 2.99,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 493.81,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 101.65,
      "ground_track_label": "ESE",
      "launch_date": "23191L",
      "launch_designator": "23191L",
      "name": "NORAD 58518",
      "norad_id": "58518",
      "range_km": 521.55,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 42.0566,
      "subpoint_lon": -77.5279
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 292.99,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 339.74,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 345.65,
      "element_age_hours": 0.18,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T03:08:59.388288+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 68.32,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 22.66,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 2.33,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 515.69,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 347.6,
      "ground_track_label": "NNW",
      "launch_date": "23117A",
      "launch_designator": "23117A",
      "name": "NORAD 57580",
      "norad_id": "57580",
      "range_km": 551.45,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 41.557,
      "subpoint_lon": -80.9546
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 54.92,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 19.35,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 11.9,
      "element_age_hours": 10.1,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-26T17:14:09.969216+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 68.25,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 37.32,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 13.15,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 961.9,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 6.88,
      "ground_track_label": "N",
      "launch_date": "87057A",
      "launch_designator": "87057A",
      "name": "NORAD 18160",
      "norad_id": "18160",
      "range_km": 1039.28,
      "sky_motion_label": "westward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 42.5941,
      "subpoint_lon": -75.5421
    },
    {
      "azimuth_deg": 253.12,
      "azimuth_plus_2m_deg": 45.06,
      "azimuth_plus_5m_deg": 50.24,
      "element_age_hours": 6.15,
      "element_epoch": "2024-01-27T09:28:55.423488+00:00",
      "elevation_deg": 68.18,
      "elevation_plus_2m_deg": 38.14,
      "elevation_plus_5m_deg": 8.21,
      "epoch_altitude_km": 559.27,
      "ground_track_bearing_deg": 50.3,
      "ground_track_label": "NE",
      "launch_date": "21041BJ",
      "launch_designator": "21041BJ",
      "name": "NORAD 48609",
      "norad_id": "48609",
      "range_km": 597.36,
      "sky_motion_label": "eastward, setting",
      "subpoint_lat": 40.3562,
      "subpoint_lon": -81.1749
    }
  ]

Appendix C. Source Exhaustion Checklist

This checklist records which source layers were actually applied to this individual report. It separates checked evidence from unexhausted collection gaps so the disposition is auditable when the PDF is read alone.

Source Layer	Status	Case-Specific Note
NARA public UAP/FAA report	reviewed	Source IDs: 237UAP00346
Time and observer coordinate	extracted	2024-01-27T03:20:00+00:00 at 40.91294, -78.87430
Orbital object propagation	screened	public LEO catalog objects
Space-Track SATCAT metadata	screened	30 NORAD IDs checked; 30 matched in local SATCAT subset
Launch-object/SupGP layer	not applicable	not a launch-object case
NASA/JPL known small-body layer	not selected	CAD/Horizons secondary screen included when this case had NEO-relevant timing/geometry
NASA POWER/Horizons/DONKI context	screened	Hourly weather, sky geometry, and space-weather context where local JSON is present
Aircraft/ADS-B layer	screened	31420 trace files scanned; 1200 tracks retained; aircraft strong candidate present
NOAA GOES imagery layer	not exhausted	Cloud/lightning imagery layer for the report hour
NOAA GOES ABI/GLM manifest	screened	Public S3 object listing for the report hour
NOAA/NEXRAD weather radar layer	not exhausted	Weather radar only; not ATC/primary radar
NOAA IGRA radiosonde layer	screened	Balloon drift plausibility layer
ASOS/METAR surface weather	screened	Nearest station visibility, cloud, wind, precipitation, and METAR observations
Weather/balloon source plan	planned	Nearest weather-airport, GOES, and radiosonde queries are listed where local plan JSON is present
Final analytic disposition	normal-object favored	Presence-only satellite density is context only; a stronger case-specific fit is required for normal-object disposition

References and Source Links

National Archives and Records Administration. Records Related to Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) and Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAPs) at the National Archives. https://www.archives.gov/research/topics/uaps
National Archives and Records Administration. Record Group 615: Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Records Collection. https://www.archives.gov/research/topics/uaps/rg-615
National Archives and Records Administration. Bulk Downloads for Records Related to Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAPs). https://www.archives.gov/research/catalog/catalog-bulk-downloads/uap-bulk-download
National Archives Catalog. Records from the Federal Aviation Administration Relating to Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena, National Archives Identifier 493468575. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/493468575
National Archives direct digital object. 237UAP00346.pdf, FAA UAP report record copied from RG 615 bulk digital objects. https://s3.dualstack.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-615/493468575/237UAP00346.pdf
Hugging Face dataset. oxzoid/space-track-tle-history: historical TLE archive used for public LEO catalog objects screening. https://huggingface.co/datasets/oxzoid/space-track-tle-history
Space-Track.org. Public source for the underlying U.S. Space Surveillance Network TLE distribution referenced by the historical TLE archive. https://www.space-track.org/
Space-Track.org. API documentation for SATCAT and catalog metadata classes used for local enrichment. https://www.space-track.org/documentation#/api
NASA POWER. Hourly point API documentation for meteorological context. https://power.larc.nasa.gov/docs/services/api/temporal/hourly/
NASA/JPL Solar System Dynamics. Horizons API documentation for observer geometry and apparent magnitude queries. https://ssd-api.jpl.nasa.gov/doc/horizons.html
NASA. DONKI space weather API documentation. https://api.nasa.gov/
ADSB.lol. Interactive API documentation and OpenAPI definition. https://api.adsb.lol/docs
ADSB.lol. Historical open-data release documentation. https://www.adsb.lol/docs/open-data/historical/
OpenSky Network. REST API documentation. https://openskynetwork.github.io/opensky-api/rest.html
OpenSky Network. Historical data via Trino documentation. https://openskynetwork.github.io/opensky-api/trino.html
NASA GIBS. Global Imagery Browse Services API documentation. https://nasa-gibs.github.io/gibs-api-docs/
NASA Earthdata. Common Metadata Repository search API documentation. https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/site/docs/search/api.html
NOAA / AWS Open Data. GOES public dataset registry. https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-goes/
NOAA / AWS Open Data. NEXRAD public dataset registry. https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-nexrad/
NOAA NCEI. Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/weather-balloon/integrated-global-radiosonde-archive
Iowa Environmental Mesonet. ASOS/AWOS/METAR data download service. https://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/request/download.phtml
CelesTrak. Spacetrack Report No. 3: Models for propagation of NORAD element sets. https://celestrak.org/NORAD/documentation/spacetrk.pdf
CelesTrak. Supplemental GP element sets documentation and current endpoint index. https://celestrak.org/NORAD/elements/supplemental/